Stereo Pan Law Gain Calculator
Compare linear-amplitude and equal-power panning gains, channel powers and coherent mono summation.
YOUR CALCULATION
Result
β
Calculation steps
Work through one step at a time or reveal the complete calculation. The steps use your current inputs.
How to calculate
Map the pan position to 0..1 and apply the selected pair of amplitude functions. Calculate dB from each amplitude gain and compare power and mono sums.
Linear: L=1βp, R=p; equal power: L=cos(Οp/2), R=sin(Οp/2)
Worked example
At center, equal-power gains are each 1/β2, about β3.0103 dB, with separate-channel power sum 1. Linear gains are each 0.5, about β6.0206 dB, with power sum 0.5.
Assumptions and input details
One identical mono source routed to two channels. Power sums treat channels separately; coherent mono sum assumes equal phase and no averaging attenuation. Actual stereo loudness, speaker geometry and DAW pan conventions may differ. Zero gain is shown as negative-infinite dB text.
References: Carnegie Mellon: linear and constant-power pan laws
Using this calculator
Can I enter my own problem?
Yes. Replace the example values with your own inputs. The result, calculation steps, tables and applicable diagrams update from those inputs. Blank or invalid values clear the result; example values are never silently substituted for missing inputs.
Are the results exact?
Results use floating-point arithmetic and displayed rounding. Read the formula, assumptions and any stated data precision before interpreting the result.
Is my input uploaded?
The calculation runs in your browser. No account, file upload or external AI service is required. Inputs are not saved between page reloads.
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