Waveform RMS Voltage Calculator
Calculate time-weighted mean, total RMS, AC-only RMS and crest factor from irregularly timed voltage samples under an explicit interpolation model.
YOUR CALCULATION
Result
—
Calculation steps
Work through one step at a time or reveal the complete calculation. The steps use your current inputs.
How to calculate
Integrate the selected waveform model and its squared deviations analytically over each time interval, then divide by total observed duration.
Mean=∫v dt/T; AC RMS=√[∫(v−mean)²dt/T]; total RMS=hypot(mean,AC RMS)
Worked example
The linear triangular samples (0,0), (1,1), (2,0) have mean 0.5 V, total RMS √(1/3) V and AC-only RMS √(1/12) V, regardless of a consistent time-unit scaling.
Assumptions and input details
2–1000 strictly increasing time/value pairs. Last endpoint contributes to entered peak but has no held-step duration after it. No periodic repetition or extrapolation is added. Numerical bandwidth, unseen peaks, aliasing, instrument accuracy and measured-waveform validity are not inferred. Centered integration helps preserve small AC components on a large DC offset.
References: Tektronix: AC power and RMS definitions
Unit definitions
Unit selection is independent of language. Each selector contains only units for its physical quantity. Calculations use defined base units internally.
SI prefixes are explicit: for example, milli means one thousandth, micro one millionth and kilo one thousand. Changing a unit changes the interpretation of the entered number.
Using this calculator
Can I enter my own problem?
Yes. Replace the example values with your own inputs. The result, calculation steps, tables and applicable diagrams update from those inputs. Blank or invalid values clear the result; example values are never silently substituted for missing inputs.
Are the results exact?
Results use floating-point arithmetic and displayed rounding. Read the formula, assumptions and any stated data precision before interpreting the result.
Is my input uploaded?
The calculation runs in your browser. No account, file upload or external AI service is required. Inputs are not saved between page reloads.
Integrate tabulated measurements using trapezoids or composite Simpson 1/3. Keep interval contributions, signed accumulation and the entered unit labels visible.
Calculate apparent, real and reactive power for a single-phase or balanced three-phase load with an explicit RMS voltage convention.
Convert power or root-power amplitude ratios to decibels and back. Add independent source levels that share a reference, using logarithmic power addition.
Reserved advertising space.